Lathe turning machinina processing which is a part of mechanical processing. Lathe processing mainly uses turning tools to turn rotating workpieces. Lathes are mainly used to process shafts, discs, bushings and other rotating or non-rotating workpieces with rotating surfaces. They are the most widely used type of machine tool processing in machinery manufacturing and repair factories. The rotational motion of the workpiece and the linear or curved motion of the tool are used to change the shape and size of the blank and process it to meet the requirements of the drawing.

Turning is a method of cutting the workpiece on a lathe by rotating the workpiece relative to the tool. The cutting energy for turning is mainly provided by the workpiece rather than the tool. Turning is the most basic and common cutting processing method and plays a very important role in production. Turning is suitable for processing rotating surfaces. Most workpieces with rotating surfaces can be processed by turning methods, such as internal and external cylindrical surfaces, internal and external conical surfaces, end faces, grooves, threads and rotary forming surfaces. The tools used are mainly turning tools.

Among various types of metal cutting machine tools, lathes are the most widely used, accounting for about 50% of the total number of machine tools.

CNC lathe turning can not only turn workpieces with turning tools, but also use drills, reamers, taps and knurling cutters for drilling, reaming, tapping and knurling. According to different process characteristics, layout forms and structural characteristics, lathes can be divided into horizontal lathes, floor lathes, vertical lathes, turret lathes and copying lathes, etc., most of which are horizontal lathes.

Turning is the most widely used type in the machine manufacturing industry. There are a large number of lathes, many people, a wide range of processing, and many tools and fixtures used. Therefore, the safety technical issues of turning are particularly important. , its key tasks are as follows:

1. Chip damage and protective measures. Various steel parts processed on lathes have good toughness, and the chips produced during turning are full of plastic curls and have sharp edges. When cutting steel parts at high speed, red hot and long chips will be formed, which can easily hurt people. At the same time, they are often wrapped around the workpiece, turning tool and tool holder. Therefore, iron hooks should be used to clean or break them in time during work. If necessary, You should stop the car to clear it, but you must not remove it or pull it off with your hands. To prevent chip damage, measures such as chip breaking, chip flow control, and various protective baffles are often taken. The chip breaking measures are to grind chip breaker grooves or steps on the turning tool; use an appropriate chip breaker and mechanically clamp the tool.

2. Installation of workpieces. During the turning process, there are many accidents in which machine tools are damaged, tools are broken or crashed, and workpieces fall or fly out due to improper clamping of workpieces, causing injuries to people. Therefore, in order to ensure safe production during turning processing, special attention must be paid when mounting workpieces. Appropriate fixtures must be selected for parts of different sizes and shapes. Whether the three-jaw chuck, four-jaw chuck or special fixture and the spindle must be firmly and reliably connected. The workpiece must be clamped and tightened. For large workpieces, sleeves can be used to clamp them to ensure that the workpiece does not shift, fall off or be thrown out when it is rotated at high speed and subjected to cutting force. If necessary, the top, center frame, etc. can be used to enhance the clamping. Remove the handle immediately after clamping.

3. Safe operation. Before working, the machine tool must be fully inspected and confirmed to be in good condition before use. The workpiece and tool clamping ensure correct, firm and reliable position. During the machining process, the machine must stop when changing tools, loading and unloading workpieces, and measuring workpieces. Do not touch the workpiece with your hands or wipe it with cotton while it is rotating. The cutting speed, feed rate and depth of effort must be appropriately selected, and overload processing is not allowed. Workpieces, tools and other debris must not be placed on the bedside, tool rest and bed surface. When using the file, move the turning tool to a safe position, with your right hand in front and your left hand in the back to prevent your sleeves from being entangled. There must be a dedicated person responsible for the use and maintenance of the machine tool, and other personnel are not allowed to use it.

The processing process of CNC lathes is similar to the processing process of ordinary lathes, but because the CNC lathe turning is a one -time fixture, all the car cutting processes are continuously processed and automatically processed. Therefore, the following aspects should be paid attention to.

1. Reasonable selection of cutting dosage: For high -efficiency metal cutting processing, processing materials, cutting tools, and cutting conditions are three major elements. These determine the processing time, knife life and processing quality. Economic and effective processing methods must be reasonable to choose cutting conditions reasonably. Three elements of cutting conditions: cutting speed, feed, and depth directly causes damage to the tool. With the improvement of the cutting speed, the tip temperature of the knife will increase, which will generate mechanical, chemical, and heat wear. The cutting speed increases by 20%, and the life of the tool will decrease by 1/2. The grinding relationship between the feed conditions and the latter of the tool is generated within a small range. However, the amount of feed is large, the cutting temperature rises, and the later wear is large. It has less impact on the cutting speed on the tool. Although the impact of depth on the tool does not have a large cutting speed and a large amount of feed, when the tiny cut is deep, the cutting material generates hardening layer, which will also affect the life of the tool. The user should choose the cutting speed used according to the processing materials, hardness, cutting status, material types, fees, and depth. The selection of the most suitable processing conditions is selected on the basis of these factors. The regular and stable wear to achieve life is the ideal condition. However, in actual operations, the choice of knife life is related to the wear of the knife, changes in processing size, surface quality, cutting noise, and processing calories. When determining the processing conditions, research needs to be carried out according to the actual situation. For difficulty processing materials such as stainless steel and heat alloy, coolant can be used or good blades of rigidity.

2. Reasonable selection of tools: (1) When rough cars, choose a knife with high intensity and good durability to meet the requirements of eating the knife and the amount of large advances when the rough car. (2) When a stainless vehicle, select a tool with high accuracy and good durability to ensure the requirements for processing accuracy. (3) In order to reduce the time and convenient knife, try to use a knife and a clip bladder as much as possible.

3. Reasonably select fixture: (1) Try to use the universal fixture fixture to avoid using a dedicated fixture; (2) parts positioning the benchmark to reduce the positioning error.

4. Determine the processing route: The processing route is the motion trajectory and direction of the tools relative to the parts during the processing of index control machine tools. (1) It should be able to ensure the processing accuracy and rough surface requirements; (2) Short the processing route as much as possible to reduce the knife's empty itinerary.

5. The connection between the processing route and processing waste: Under the conditions of the CNC lathe turning, the amount of excessive amount of the rough should be arranged on the ordinary lathe in the ordinary lathe. Processing. If you must use CNC lathes, pay attention to the flexible arrangement of the program.

6. Pointing points for fixture: The connection between the hydraulic card and the hydraulic clamping oil cylinder is implemented by*pull rods. Pull out the back end, and then remove the card with a hand to remove the screw, you can remove the card.